Bacterial Diseases - GLANDERS

(Farcy)

AGENT:

Pseudomonas mallei (Actinobacillus mallei) NONMOTILE, gram negative rod

RESERVOIR AND INCIDENCE

Disease of equidae and rarely man. Occasionally reported in dogs, cats, sheep, and goats. Mostly seen in Asia and Mediterranean areas, rare in North America.

TRANSMISSION:

Spread by contamination by infectious discharges of wounds and mucus membranes and by ingestion.

DISEASE IN ANIMALS AND MAN:

Pulmonary form: cough, nasal discharge. Cutaneous form: multiple, purulent, cutaneous eruptions, often following lymphatics. Usually affects hind legs of horses. May have long periods of remission. The fatality rate in humans is 95% if left untreated. Horses usually suffer chronic and sometimes fatal illness. Asses and mules usually suffer acute disease which is often fatal.

DIAGNOSIS:

Cannot be differentiated from P. pseudomallei serologically. Specific diagnosis can be made only by characterization of the isolated organism.

TREATMENT:

Streptomycin + tetracycline or chloramphenicol + streptomycin

PREVENTION/CONTROL:

1. Treatment with antibiotics 2. Elimination of carrier animals 3. Gloves, protective clothing when handling infected animals.

Anthrax	Erysipeloid	Salmonellosis
Blastomycosis	Glanders	Shigellosis
Borreliosis	Leprosy	Staphylococcal food poisoning
Brucellosis	Leptospirosis	Streptococcosis
Campylobacteriosis	Listeriosis	Tuberculosis
Capnocytophaga	Lyme Disease	Tularemia
Cat Scratch Disease	Melioidosis	Vibriosis
Clostridial Infections	Pasteurellosis	Yersinia pestis
Colibacillosis	Psittacosis	Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and enterocolitica
Dermatophilosis	Rat Bite Fever